In the past, people were represented as numbers derived from attitude surveys in marketing. However, with the advancement of digital tools, individuals are now perceived as multifaceted entities with attributes encompassing attitudes, behaviors, and social factors. 

Brands were abstract concepts that were difficult to define and measure. However, now they have evolved into tangible assets that can be measured and accumulated through a series of actions. 

In this topic, we would like to discuss the transition from a one-dimensional perspective of people to a multidimensional one, as well as the transformation of brands from ambiguity to measurability.